EXW

This term is EX Works (... named place) in English, that is, factory delivery (... named place). It means that the seller is responsible for delivering the prepared goods to the buyer at its location, namely workshops, factories, warehouses, etc., but is usually not responsible for loading the goods on the vehicle prepared by the buyer or clearing the goods. The buyer bears all the costs and risks of transporting the goods from the seller’s location to the intended destination.

FOB

Free On Board (FOB, Free On Board --- named port of shipment): It means that the seller is responsible for loading the goods on the ship designated by the buyer at the designated port of shipment within the date or period specified in the contract, and assumes that the goods will pass A trade term for the previous costs and risks of the ship's ship.

CIF

The Chinese translation of the CIF term is cost plus insurance plus freight, (designated port of destination, its original text is Cost, Insurance and Freight (insert named port of destination), according to this term, the price is composed of factors including the port of shipment to the agreed The usual freight at the port of destination and the agreed insurance premium. Therefore, in addition to the same obligations as the CFR terminology, the seller must also handle freight insurance for the buyer and pay the insurance premium. According to general international trade practices, the seller’s insurance amount should be The CIF price is 10% plus. If the buyer and seller do not agree on specific risks, the seller only needs to obtain the minimum insurance coverage. If the buyer requests additional war insurance, the seller should pay the insurance premiums on the premise that the buyer pays For additional insurance, when the seller insures, if it can be done, the insurance must be insured in the contract currency.

DDP

The full English name is Delivered Duty Paid (named place of destina-tion). The Chinese name "Delivery after tax (...designated port of destination)" "Delivery after tax (...designated destination)" means that the seller has completed import customs clearance procedures at the designated destination and will be unloaded on the delivery means of transport. The following goods are handed over to the buyer to complete the delivery. The seller must bear all risks and costs of transporting the goods to the designated destination, including any "taxes and fees" that should be paid at the destination when customs formalities are required (including the responsibilities and risks of customs formalities, as well as the payment of handling fees, Duties, taxes and other fees). The seller bears the least responsibility under the EXW term, while the seller bears the greatest responsibility under the DDP term. If the seller cannot obtain an import license directly or indirectly, this term should not be used. However, if the parties wish to exclude all costs (such as value-added tax) that have to be paid for any import from the seller’s obligations, they should be clearly stated in the sales contract. If the parties want the buyer to bear the risks and costs of the import, the DDU term should be used.

This term applies to various modes of transportation, but when the goods are delivered on a ship or wharf at the port of destination, the DAP term should be used.

DDU

The English term of this term is "Delivered Duty Unpaid (... named place of destination)", that is, "Delivered Duty Unpaid (... named place of destination)". The seller transports the goods directly to the designated location in the importing country, and must bear all the costs and risks of the goods transported to the designated location (excluding customs duties, taxes and other official costs that should be paid at the time of import), so the "2000 General Rules" requires The buyer bears what may happen. Additional costs and risks caused by its failure to handle import customs clearance in a timely manner. At the same time, the 2000 General Rules suggested that when dealing with countries that are difficult and time-consuming to handle import customs clearance, in order to avoid the buyer's failure to handle import customs clearance in a timely manner, it is better for the seller not to use DDU.